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论《德伯家的苔丝》中
苔丝悲剧命运产生的原因
摘要:
《苔丝》是一部悲剧作品.小说女主角苔丝是一个美丽善良的农家姑娘.由于家境贫寒,她不得不听从母亲的劝说,跑到地主庄园去做工,被地主少爷亚历克奸污,怀着身孕回到家乡.孩子夭折后,她又到一家牛奶厂当挤奶工,在那里遇到了牧师的儿子安琪·克莱尔,两人产生了爱情.新婚之夜,苔丝出于一片忠诚,向克莱尔坦白了自己失身的遭遇,不想却为丈夫所不容.克莱尔立即丢下妻子,独自去了巴西.苔丝被遗弃后,又跑到一家农场做苦工.恰在这时亚历克又突然出现,一再跑来纠缠苔丝.后来在父亲去世,母亲患病,弟妹失学,一家人沦落街头,而克莱尔又杳无音讯的情况下,苔丝只好舍身救家,答应与亚历克同居.谁知克莱尔经过一场磨难,终于回心转意,从巴西回来寻找苔丝.苔丝悔恨交加,怒不可遏的刺死了亚历克.她在逃亡中与丈夫度过了几天幸福生活,最后被捕,并被判处死刑.
关键字:
苔丝 克莱尔 亚历克 善良
Abstract:
The Tess is a tragedy work.Tess is a the hostess of the novel,she is a beautiful farmer miss. Because the financial situation is needy, she had to listen to her mother's advise, run the landlord manor does the work,and she was raped by the young master in landlord,she was pregrant and went to her hometown.After the child died, she be the milking work to a milk factory again,she met the priest's son kleier,and they fell in to love. Wedding night,Tess told Kleier or her frustration but her husband didn't forgive her.He went to Brazil alone.after Tess was deserted,she went to a farm engaged in hard work.just at that time Yalike appeared again, running to entwine Tess. Die at the father afterwards, the mother falls ill, the sister-in-law drops out of school, families degenerate the street, but the again completely without news circumstance about Kleier.Tess had to give up the body to save the house, promising to live together with Yalike.Klaier went in to trouble and came back to Tess.Tess regrets mingled with self-reproach,she was verv irritable and killed Yalike.she had spent several happy days with her husband she was finally caught and sentenced to death.
Key words:
Tess Kleier Yalike Kindhearted
正文:
《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名小说家和诗人托马斯·哈代创作的代表作之一,一百多年过去了,女主人公苔丝也早已树立在世界文学画廊之中,这不仅仅因为人们对传统道德有所超越,更因为作品主人公所拥有的人性与灵魂深处的巨大魅力使之成为最动人的女性形象之一.
苔丝的命运是悲惨的,她的产生有其一定的偶然因素,但这悲剧本身又是不可避免的.究其原因,可归结为以下几点:
外在因素.包括社会环境,家庭状况,接触的社会群体,事情发生的偶然性等诸多因素.
内在因素.主要指苔丝本身的性格.
外在因素:
社会环境.
不可否认,每个人都存在于社会之中,社会的思想意识形态会时刻影响着绝大多数的社会人及其思想,也正是这些人和思想,直接或间接导致了苔丝的悲惨命运.
首先,当苔丝的父亲知道自己是贵族后裔时,更加懒于工作,以至某天喝酒醉了,苔丝不得不连夜去赶集,导致老马被邮车撞死,使得家庭经济上的危机更加严重了.其次,攀附贵族的思想,使苔丝的父母逼迫苔丝到镇上去认本家,这就促使了悲剧情节的继续发展.
在苔丝被亚雷夺去了贞操以后,本来并不是她本人的错,却很难被其他人所接受,就连她的父母,所关心的也只是亚雷是否会娶苔丝.